Photogrammetric 3D modeling of underground excavations using smartphones: A cost-effective alternative to LiDARHasan Qurbonov, Aziz Kazakov, Muzaffar Khakberdiyev, Shoxrux Turgunov and Nursultan XamitovE3S Web Conf., 646 (2025) 00039DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564600039