Measures to prevent emissions of pollutants when burning coals in small-capacity boilers in the central ecological area of the Baikal natural territory

Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

^* Corresponding author: maysyuk@isem.irk.ru

Abstract

The paper presents a brief description of the municipal coal-fired boiler plants of the central ecological zone and estimation of the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. The intensity and volume of emissions depend on many factors. These are the capacity and efficiency of the boiler units, the amount of fuel consumed and its physicochemical properties, the type of furnace and the degree of flue gas cleaning. The study indicates that 25% of the total emissions from coal-fired boilers is produced by the energy sources with manually - loaded boilers with a unit capacity of up to 1 Gcal/hr without flue gas cleaning systems. The paper presents the main ways to reduce the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere from heat production. The best available technologies for reducing emissions into the atmosphere and reducing waste generation are reviewed with a focus on preliminary fuel preparation and cleaning, technological measures and the installation of flue gas cleaning systems. Recommendations on their application in coal-fired small-capacity boiler plants in the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory are given.