Bioaccumulation and health risk assessment of severe metal pollution of street dust from various urban regions in Baghdad, Iraq

¹ College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, P.O. Box.1895, Iraq
² College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, P.O. Box.1895, Iraq
³ Technical Institute of Shatra, Southern Technical University, Iraq
⁴ Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden

^∗ Corresponding author: salwan.abed@qu.edu.iq

Abstract

This study sought to define the metals bioaccumulation from street dust in Baghdad, Iraq for the first time. The samples were collected that research the levels, sources, and health hazard model Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu. The geo accumulation Index (Igeo) found that the contamination level for Cd was moderately to strongly polluted in Karada, Jihad and Kinidi streets. Hence, it is important to measure the level of cadmium in the local environment. The relative bioaccumulation of chromium was high in Jadriyah Street (87.2%). The PCA showed two major sources of these minerals in Baghdad road dust that Cd, Zn are likely to originate from tire wear, brake wear and vehicular emissions as well as the fact that Cr and Cu originate from metal-processing industries. Assessing hazard to human health utilized measure population show suggested both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic hazards minerals Baghdad road dust harmless to human environment.