Deep Electrification of Residential Heating and Possible Implications: An Irish Perspective

Economic and Social Research Institute and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

^* Corresponding author: Ankita.gaur@esri.ie

Abstract

Electrifying energy sectors using renewable rich electricity is one of the many decarbonization pathways being adopted to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Among these, the heating and cooling sector, both energy and carbon intensive, is attracting a lot of attention. Power-to-heat technology (PtH) along with thermal energy storage systems is widely adopted to decarbonise this sector. However, increased penetration of PtH may cause congestion in existing electrical grid infrastructures, and hence needs for network upgrades. In this context, our paper presents a quantitative analysis on the impact of electrifying domestic dwellings (existing and new) in Ireland. The analysis encompasses costs, benefits, renewable power curtailment and regional distribution of optimal electrification of the housing stock. Analysis reveal significant grid expansion needs with increasing levels of PtH. This impact is pronounced without appropriate thermal storage. On the flip side, it leads to a more efficient utilisation of renewable energy by reducing curtailment.