Assessment of ecological safety of fish from anthropogenically polluted freshwater reservoir

South-Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: khimieugavm@inbox.ru

Abstract

The content of heavy metals in fish of different ecological groups in the conditions of the Argazinsky reservoir (Russia) has been studied, its ecological safety when used as a product nutrition was given. The material of the study was “local” fish (bream, pike, perch, roach, whitefish) caught by fishermen. The content of heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption method. Compared to muscular tissue, bone tissue has been found to accumulate more manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead, cobalt, nickel, iron (except for roach), copper, except for perch. The value of the metal pollution index (P_i) is greater than one in bream muscles in nickel, lead and cobalt; pike — nickel. The multifactor index of metal contamination (MPI) in the muscular tissue of fish are located in the following order: bream > pike > roach, whitefish > perch. Pi >1.0 value in skeletal tissue of bream in lead, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, zinc, iron; pike — lead, nickel, cadmium, zinc, manganese; perch — lead, cadmium; roach — zinc, cobalt, lead, cadmium; whitefish — manganese, lead, cadmium. By the magnitude of MPI, the skeletal tissue is ranked in the following order: pike > bream > whitefish > roach > perch. Pike MPI=3, 85, bream MPI=3, 10. The following row is formed by the value of fish fatness: perch > roach > whitefish > bream > pike. The fatness amount in the body of pike and bream is affected by excessively accumulated metals (nickel, cobalt and lead in bream, nickel, cadmium, and lead in pike), and in perch, roach, and whitefish - essential (iron, cobalt, copper and zinc in perch, manganese, iron and copper in roach, manganese, cobalt and zinc in whitefish).