Mitigating Partial Shading Effects in Photovoltaic System using Intelligent Current Compensation Method

¹ Center for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
² Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, India
³ Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Annamacharya University Rajampet - 516126
⁴ Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sreenidhi Institute of Science & Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501303, India
⁵ KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Kannampalayam post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nādu, India, 641402.

^* Corresponding author: kirubathas@gmail.com

Abstract

Efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems is decreased by mismatch losses resulting from uneven panel irradiation. Current compensation techniques that inject compensatory current and measure currents by periodic row short-circuiting are unavoidably blackout-causing. In this work, a novel current compensation technique is presented that dynamically measures and reacts to variations in irradiance using light sensors on each panel. The program compiles these data to determine the overall irradiance of each row and to precisely modify the injected current to sustain output without any interruptions to operation. The proposed approach lowers mismatch losses more effectively than traditional techniques, as demonstrated by MATLAB/Simulink simulations of seven shading patterns. Under center shading, the proposed approach raised system efficiency by 36%. These results indicate a move towards more flexible solar energy solutions by implying that sensor-driven data analytics can increase PV system operational efficiency and reliability.