Energy management in autonomous hybrid electric vehicles: A review

Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Higher Normal School of Technical Education, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco

Abstract

Hybrid electric vehicles represent a critical step toward sustainable automotive technology. The integration of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems introduces complex challenges in energy demand and management, making Energy Management Systems crucial for optimizing this integration and ensuring overall vehicle efficiency. This review aims to explore the variety of EMS approaches used in HEVs, focusing on their role in managing the heightened energy requirements introduced by ADAS components. The paper examines EMS configurations and their effectiveness in allocating and controlling energy from diverse sources such as fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors. The review also highlights the importance of innovative management techniques that adapt to variable power requirements and driving conditions influenced by ADAS. EMS are shown to be instrumental in enhancing the operational efficiency of HEVs. They are essential for accommodating the fluctuating energy demands of ADAS, which can significantly elevate the vehicle’s overall energy consumption. EMS are vital for advancing HEVs, ensuring that these vehicles not only meet the complex energy demands of ADAS but also achieve environmental sustainability goals.