Acid emissions monitoring needs in ceramic tile industry: challenges derived from new policy trends

¹ Instituto de Tecnología Cerámica - Asociación de Investigación de las Industrias Cerámicas - Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, E12006, Castellón, Spain
² RCUK Centre for Sustainable Energy Use in Food Chains, Institute of Energy Futures, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University, London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK

^* Corresponding author: irina.celades@itc.uji.es

Abstract

The emission of acid compounds during the manufacture of ceramic tiles is strongly related to the presence of precursors in the raw materials and/or fuels used, with some exceptions such as the production of thermal NOX. The stages with the potential to produce significant emissions of these compounds have been identified as the suspension spray drying and tile firing stages. The monitoring of emission levels of acid pollutants in these stages has turned in a great importance issue from a regulatory and industrial aspect. The DREAM project (https://www.spire2030.eu/dream) will tackle the regulation of acidic emissions focusing in the firing stage. The initial stages of the project have made it possible to identify the design requirements for the monitoring system. This will allow the control of acid pollutants emissions and other key parameters such as pressure, flow, temperature and humidity. One of the tasks developed has been the review and compilation of current emissions monitoring systems detailing technical specifications such as: position (in situ or extractive), measurement principle and frequency. The future policy trends in air pollution are encouraging the continuous monitoring across the European industry. The present document assesses the advantages regarding environmental impact control, highlighting the main challenges for the ceramic tile industry.