Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of raw sewage from the Meknes region Morocco

¹ Moulay Ismaïl University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Departement of Chemistry fundamental and applied, laboratory of physic-chemistry Materiqls, PO Bosc 509 Irrachidia, Morocco
² Medical microbiology laboratory, Mohamed V Hospital, Meknes, Morocco
³ Laboratory of bacteriology, Moulay Ismail Military Hospital Meknes Morocco
⁴ Moulay Ismaïl University, Faculty of Sciences, Département of Chemistry, Materials, Membranes and Processes of Separation, PO Bosc 11201, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco

^* Corresponding author: hassanouallalaghbalou@gmail.com

Abstract

The region of Meknes suffers from a significant delay in the water sector, including sewage treatment. The Urban waste water in the region originates from various activities; households, industry, agriculture and hospital. These waters are released in to nature without any treatment, which constitutes a serious risk for the environment. The objective of this research is to characterize the physicochemical and bacteriological pollution of the three sewage collectors of the Meknes region (Aïn Choubbik, Oued Ouislane and Aïn Taoujdate). Indeed, the pollution parameters; biological and chemical oxygen demand are abnormally high, which indicates clearly that waste waters is rich of reducing or oxidizing organic materials. Ammonium, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals concentrations exceed the limit values. So these waters are classified as bad or very bad quality. On the one hand, the presence of a large bacterial load indicates fecal contamination. The total coliform, fecal coliform and fecal streptococci levels are high exceeding exceed the values specified the WHO guidelines and the Moroccan standards. This situation is likely to cause serious and irreparable damage to the environment groundwater. To counter this, make the necessary investment in sewage treatment and other remedial measures is key to preventing pollution and its spread.