| Issue |
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 90, 2019
7th Conference on Emerging Energy and Process Technology (CONCEPT 2018)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 01011 | |
| Number of page(s) | 6 | |
| Section | Sustainable Energy | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199001011 | |
| Published online | 02 April 2019 | |
Production of biodiesel from Annona muricata seeds
1 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
2 Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
3 Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
4 Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
* Corresponding author: yeekchia.ho@utp.edu.my; yeekchia@yahoo.com
Biodiesel is one of the effective alternative fuels to overcome the problems associated with environmental issues and energy crisis. However, the production of biodiesel from edible oil has provoked the food versus fuel dispute. Thus, a non-edible crop, Annona muricata, is selected as the raw material to produce oil for biodiesel production. In this study, A. muricata oil was extracted with n-hexane at 70 °C for 6 h. Subsequently, the oil was transesterified with methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce biodiesel. The significance of transesterification parameters including temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and oil-to-methanol ratio on biodiesel yield (%) was established through two-level factorial design. The factorial design shows that all parameters are significant. Besides, the high content of monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) in the resultant biodiesel suggests that A. muricata biodiesel could display good fuel quality. This hypothesis is proven by the excellent calorific value (39.21 MJ kg-1).
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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