Characterization of the mineralization of the Groundwater in high Basin of Guir (Morocco) by geochemical and geostatistical

¹ Laboratory of Water and Environmental Engineering, Al Hoceima National School of Applied Sciences PO Box 03, Ajdir Al, Hoceima
² Laboratory of Applied Geosciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed First Oujda 60000, Morocco
³ Research Team of Mining, Water and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismaïl University, 52000,Post Box: 509, Boutalamine,Errachidia Morocco
⁴ Research Unit on Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, Regional Center of Rabat, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), PO Box 6356, Rabat, Morocco

Abstract

Due to over-exploitation of water resources, the high basin of Guir posed an alarming risk of elimination in terms of quantity and quality. Therefore, this study intends to evaluate the physical and chemical quality of groundwater in the high Basin of Guir and to identify possible sources of pollution in order to map the quality of the Jurassic groundwater. During May 2018, thirty water points, distributed in the high basin of Guir, were sampled and analysed to determine concentrations of sevenchemical elements: K⁺, Na⁺, Ca⁺⁺, Mg⁺⁺, Cl-, HCO₃^-, SO₄^-. In addition, EC (Electric Conductivity), pH,T° and the piezometric level (PL) weremeasured.To study and compare, we treated statistically all data by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and SIG.Analysis of the overall quality of water displayed results that range from good to poor quality. The degradation of water quality in the aquifer of the high basin of Guir could be geological and anthropic.