Design of Supervisory Control for Speed Control of Wind Turbine using Torque-Control Method Based on Buck Converter

¹ Departement of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Teknik Kimia, Surabaya 60111, East Java, Indonesia
² Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Da’an District, Taipei City, 106 Taiwan

^* Corresponding author: katherin@ep.its.ac.id

Abstract

The variation of wind speed causes the electric power generated by the turbine also varies. To obtain maximum power, the rotor speed of wind turbines must be optimally rated. The rotor speed can be controlled by manipulating the torque from the generator; this method is called Torque Control. In that case, a DC-DC converter is needed as the control actuator. In this study, a buck converter-based supervisory control design was performed on the Horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT). Supervisory control is composed of two control loops arranged in cascade, and there is a formula algorithm as the supervisory level. The primary loop uses proportional control mode with a proportional gain of 0.3, whereas in the secondary loop using proportional-integral control mode with a proportional gain of 5.2 and an integral gain of 0.1. The Supervisory control has been implemented successfully and resulted in an average increase in turbine power of 4.1 % at 5 m s^–1 and 10.58 % at 6 m s^–1 and 11.65 % at 7 m s^–1, compared to wind turbine systems without speed control.