Ecological problems of the Russian coast of the south gulf of Finland

Admiral Makarov State Univercity of Maritime and Inland Shipping 5/7 Dvinskaya Str., St. Petersburg 198035, Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: vitjazeva_olga@mail.ru

Abstract

The present work is an analytical review of the operating characteristics of the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, which makes it possible to assess its state from the point of view of ecology. As a geographical and social object, this natural ecosystem can be reasonably included in the list of areas of potential ecological risk. This is due to active fishing activities and the development of sea cargo transshipment complexes in this area, taking into account the territorial advantages of local harbors. We believe that, with further accumulation of factual material, it will, with sufficient probability, determine the trends in the further development of this ecosystem. In the proposed work, the kinematics of coastal water flows near the southern coast was investigated as a factor contributing to the distribution of harmful impurities along the open part of the coast. Heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons were selected here as indicator pollutants. At the same time, the article does not consider in detail the issues of the influence of specific sources of pollution on the state of the ecosystem as a whole. The meaning of its writing, as planned, is to find a correlation between the pollution scheme of a given coast and the natural specifics of the local hydrological regime. When writing the article, the basis for the analytical study was the factual material that was once obtained by the forces of the Maritime Academy in the process of performing coastal field work at this facility. Further, the article contains the results of hydrochemical and geochemical testing of natural waters and modern bottom sediments of the Gulf, borrowed from domestic and foreign sources.