Development of biologized system of protection of garden strawberry against dominant berry rot in the conditions of Western Ciscaucasia

Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», str. 40 Let Pobedy, 39, 350901 Krasnodar, Russia

^* Corresponding author: kashitz2012@yandex.ru

Abstract

In connection with an increase in the harmfulness of pathogens causing berry rot on strawberries, a high risk of developing resistance to chemical synthesis drugs and a long waiting period for these fungicides, research on the selection of microbiological means of protecting crops from the dominant pathogens of berry rot is relevant. The purpose of the research: assessment of the biological effectiveness against sulfur and berry’s anthracnose rot of microbiological preparations and the development of regulations for their use in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 in the Krasnodar Territory on the Onda variety. The greatest biological effectiveness against the pathogen of gray rot was noted for the drug Fitosporin-M, Zh (with a consumption rate of 2.0 l / ha) - 81.2%. Slightly lower efficiency was obtained for Alirin-B, Zh (40 l / ha) and Alirin-B, SP (40 g / ha): 75.4 and 70.0%, respectively. Fitosporin-M, Zh (2.0 l / ha) and Alirin-B, SP (40 g / ha), respectively, showed high biological effectiveness against the causative agent of anthracnose rot - 86.1 and 81.9%. The elements of a biologized technology for protecting garden strawberries from these pathogens are recommended, which allow maximizing the yield, improving the quality of products by increasing its environmental safety, and preventing a decrease in the sensitivity of B. cinerea and C. acutatu to chemical fungicides. Highly effective reduction of the infectious stock in the period after flowering and before harvesting, inclusive, allows in the second half of the growing season to reduce the number of treatments by 1-2, thereby reducing energy consumption.