Analysis of the Negative Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Technology on the Environment

¹ National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050, 30 Lenina st., Tomsk, Russia
² Technical University in Kosice, Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Park Komenského 19, 0420 00 Košice, Slovakia

^* Corresponding author: v.zhironkin@inbox.ru

Abstract

The development of the oil and gas industry around the world is connected with the development of unconventional fields, such as shale oil, using modern technologies, for example, rotary steerable systems, which allow more accurate and high-quality work on well construction, as well as multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, allowing more efficient extracting of hydrocarbons from the deposits. However, like any mining of minerals, the extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials has a harmful effect on the ecology of the area in which the extraction takes place. This occurs due to the use of a large number of chemical compounds, a small proportion of processing of rocks obtained during drilling, cleaning up territories to create infrastructure for organizing the extraction work of raw materials. The introduction of new fields into development leads to the increase in the level of industrial pollution of the environment. The impact of hydraulic fracturing technology on the environmental situation in the field is considered in the article. The author analyzes the impact of this method of increasing oil development on the environment, the experience of using this technology abroad, as well as government regulation of the use of this technology by producing companies around the world.