The influence of the climatic potential of Western Siberia on the ecological plasticity of spring barley varieties

FSBEI HE State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Russia

^* Corresponding author: ya.mila80@mail.ru

Abstract

Modern technologies of cultivation of crops directly depend on climatic parameters: temperature, amount of precipitation and their distribution by months. Crop productivity can be controlled by studying and understanding the influence of the climatic potential of Western Siberia. This paper is devoted to its features. Analysis of the influence of abiotic factors on the yield of spring barley for the period 2014-2019 showed that: the sum of effective temperatures of 1500°C, necessary for the growth and development of plants, accumulates annually; the harvest is formed by atmospheric precipitation for five months (May-September), which is 60% of the average annual norm with fluctuations from year to year from 12.1 to 38.0% (303.6-373.7 mm); the hydrothermal coefficient for May-July has an average effect on the yield of the Abalak, Acha, Vorsinsky 2 varieties (the coefficient of variation of the yield is 11.9, 14.9 and 16.3%, respectively) and significant effect on the crops of the Chelyabinsky 99 variety (the coefficient of variation is 25.7%). The Abalak and Chelyabinsky 99 varieties turned out to be more responsive to changes in growing conditions, as evidenced by the values of the regression coefficient (bi) (1.04 and 1.48) exceeding unity. The Acha and Vorsinsky 2 varieties are characterized by a weak response to improved growing conditions.