Atmospheric precipitation is an ecological aspect of climate change

Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskiy ave. 97, Volgograd 400062, Russia

^* Corresponding author: turkosvetlana73@mail.ru

Abstract

The amount of precipitation forms a varied climate type in various zones of the earth’s surface. The purpose of the research is the consideration of the cause, nature, as well as the long-term forecast of precipitation as one of the environmental aspects affecting climate change. Modern analysis determined the factors affecting the distribution of precipitation on the surface of the Earth within the borders of the Volgograd region. Literary materials, data of meteorological stations, research results and observations were used. As a result of the work, the regularity of the cyclicity of precipitation was established on the basis of perennial observations by meteorological stations and is given by the forecast forecast algorithm for the prospect. Several characteristic areas on the trend were identified: periods from 1955 to 1973 (transition cycle), from 1910 to 1951 and from 1973 to 2008 (sharply pronounced cyclic precipitation processes). The main reasons affecting precipitation are determined, this is the state of the lower layers of the atmosphere and the location of the territory Analysis of the trend of falling precipitation indicates the presence of synchronization, periodicity and cyclicity of processes. The forecast of precipitation allows you to simulate river regimes, including the risks of floods, minimizing social and economic losses.