Study on the development of the desert pasture agrophytocenoses using a wide range of forage plants

¹ Research Institute of Forestry, 111104 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
² State committee on forestry of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 100163 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
³ Gulistan State University, 120100 Gulistan, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: zinoviy.novitskiy@mail.ru

Abstract

The drained bottom of the Aral Sea covers an area of about 6 million hectares, of which 3.2 million hectares are located on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In addition to the fact that salt is spread from the drained bottom, dust and sand causing enormous damage to the environment, on the drained bottom there is a forest suitable area of 1.5 million hectares where it is possible to create desert shrub agrophytocenoses. The purpose of the work was to develop the most effective methods for creating desert agrophytocenoses on forest suitable types of bottom sediments of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea and the selection of desert forage plants to increase the productivity of the created pastures. Studies shown that when using focal, pasture protection and reclamation-fodder methods, as well as such fodder plants as teresken, boialich, keyreuk, it is possible to create pastures with a fodder capacity of up to 500 fodder units per hectare. This will increase the number of grazed animals by 20-30%. The field of application of the results arising from this work are forest suitable types of bottom sediments of the drained bottom of the Aral Sea. The drained bottom of the Aral Sea is a reserve of a forage base for animals in the near future, which will give a new impetus to the development of animal husbandry in the Aral Sea region, and at the same time, fodder plants, fixing the soil of the drained bottom of the Aral Sea, will significantly improve the ecological situation in the Region.