Yield of promising lines of peanut and resistance to Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin, and foliar disease

Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (Iletri), Jalan Raya Kendalpayak Km 8 Malang 65101, East Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: joko.purnomo75@ymail.com

Abstract

Peanut is a suitable media for Aspergillus flavus growth that produced secondary metabolite called aflatoxin. One strategy to obtain low A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination is growing resistant cultivar. The objective of research was to identify pod yields of genotypes and its resistance to A. flavus and foliar disease, and low aflatoxin contamination. The multi environmental trials were conducted at eight sites. The treatments were 10 promising lines, Kancil and Garuda Biga (check cultivars), and these were arranged in a RBD three replicates in each site. The genotypes were grown under optimal condition. The results indicated the average pod yield of nine lines were significantly 11.2-21.6% and 23.4-34.8% higher than those of Kancil and Garuda Biga, respectively. Despite highest pod productivity, G/GH502-00B-600-42-226-19 (3.09 tons) and Mj/G-00b-884-95-41 (3.06 tons) had higher score of foliar diseases than those of the check cultivars. Meanwhile MH/IC91278-99C-180-13-74 and LM/IC 87123-93-B-32 with 2.91 tons and 2.84 tons ha^-1 had very low aflatoxin contamination (<0.5 ppb) and lower foliar diseases infection than those of check cultivars. MH/IC91278-99C-180-13-74 and LM/IC 87123-93-B-32 therefore were appropriate to be promoted as new cultivars with high pod yield, resistant to foliar disease and A. flavus, and low aflatoxin contamination.