Organic matter management for sustainable productivity of corn-groundnut cropping pattern on acid upland soils

Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Central Java, Ministry of Agriculture, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta Km. 26 No. 10, Bergas, Central Java, 50552, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: agssupriyo@yahoo.com

Abstract

This study aims to conduct the organic management that sustain productivity of corn-groundnut sequential cropping on acid upland soil in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Tanah Laut Regency is the target area for this conservation farming system. Furthermore, these areas havebeen identified potentially for food crop development The experiment was conducted Bumi Asih villages, Panyipatan sub district, Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan provinces. In 1994/1995 WS until 1995 DS. These area as a ultisol soil type and transmgiration areas. Randomized Complete Block Desgind (RCBD) with four replication, and plot size 10 m x 20 m. There were Six treatment consisted of O1(No Farm Yard Manure/FYM), organic matter remains incorporated in to the soil + Fertilizer 60 kg N + 35 kg P₂O₅ per ha; O2 (1 t FYM organic matter remains incorporated in to the soil + 120 kg N + 70 kg P₂O₅/ha); O3 (All organic matter remains incorporaed in to the soil + 2,5 t FYM/ha); O4 (as Treatment O3 + 5 t FYM/ha); O5 (as treatment O3 + 10 t FYM/ha) and O6 (as treatment O3 + 20 t FYM/ha). Corn cv Arjuna was planted with row spacing 200 cm x 20 cm; and intercrops with Groundnut cv Pelanduk with row spacing 25 cm x 20 cm during two seasons planting. Data were colect i.e some physical soil properties such as soil moisture; soil hardness; some chemical soil properties such as soil pH, Org-C; plant nutrient such plant nutrient content such as leaf of N; P; Ca and Mg contents.. Growth parameter i.e shoot dry weight and yield of corn and groundnut. Data colected were analyzed by Variant analyzis. Diferently among treatment were analyzed by DMRT._0.05.. ...The results showed that the increase ins oil pH due to highC_-organd some nutrient contents such as N, P, Ca and P inleaf of corn were significantly affected during the last seasons by organic amendment. In terms of cultivation, organic matter increased the infestation of weeds.. The organic management with the highest application (20 tonnes.ha^-1 FYM) in every season yielded up to four – five times for corn and 0.65 – 1.28 for groundnut compared to control/farmer practices (1.175 t dry seed/ha).