The mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) as a potential candidate to valorize crop residues

¹ Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Agadir, Morocco
² Integrated Crop Production Unit, Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique d’Agadir (INRA), Morocco

^* Corresponding author: j.zim@iav.ac.ma

Abstract

Agricultural activities generate important amount of crop residues that need to be managed in appropriate way usingecofriendly and cost effective tools. The mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is a potential candidate to valorize crop residues thatcan produce atthe same time an alternative feed based on insect larvae. Four crop residues (citrus, tomato, pepper and potato) mixedwith wheat bran (ratio 50:50) were evaluated as diets for mass rearing of T. molitor under controlled environmental conditions (T= 28 ± 1°C; RH=70 ± 5 % and total darkness). Five zootechnical parameters (weight gain, growth rate, mortality rate, weight of consumed feed and conversion rate) were adopted to evaluate thegrowth and life developmental traits of larvae during 45 days. The effect of crop residues used as diet had a significant impact on bothweight gain and growth rate. Importantly, crop residues used alone has a negative effect on all zootechnical parameters evaluated. Indeed, the amendment of wheat bran has a significant positive impact on these parameters. Citrus and tomato were the most toxic diets showing a mortality rate of 92 and 98 %, respectively. The most efficient diets werethe mixture of citrus residues andwheat branfollowed by the mixture of potato residues and wheat bran and the mixture ofpepper residues and wheat bran. Fed substrate had no impact on conversion rate.