Problems and prospects for the development of unmanned aerial vehicles in Russia

Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, 198035, 5/7, Dvinskaya str, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

^* Corresponding author: smirnovab@gumrf.ru

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicles are vehicles that can fly without a human pilot on board. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have become widespread in the civil and military sectors, and the development of UAV is one of the promising trends in modern aviation. Drones have long ceased to be expensive and highly specialised and are in widespread use. They can be equipped with multiple cameras, gyrostabilisers, LIDAR and GPS to collect and transmit data in real time. Due to the demand for drones in various applications such as agriculture, search and rescue, wireless communications, surveillance and cargo transportation, several types of UAV have been invented with different sizes, weights, flight ranges, engine types, etc., optimized for specialized types of work. The deeper integration of drones into the transport system has the potential to relieve general strain in many companies and factories, reducing production and transport times, and facilitating faster response to emergencies. However, drones face a number of challenges related to flight logistics, collision avoidance, lack of necessary infrastructure, autonomous operation time and imperfect artificial intelligence.