Impact and Inspiration of Tonga volcanic Eruption in 2022

High School attached to Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250100, China

^* Corresponding author: 20210143@ntit.edu.cn

Abstract

People have been puzzled by the problem of volcanic eruptions since ancient times. Because volcanic eruptions are difficult to predict accurately, if people can't take some precautions in advance, sometimes volcanic eruptions will cause great injuries and deaths and hazards. In this context, this review selects the Tonga Volcano as the research object, summarizes the hazards during the eruption of the volcano and the symptom before the eruption, in order to get inspiration for predicting volcanic eruptions. This paper firstly introduces that Tonga volcano is located on the Tonga-Kermadec volcanic arc. When Tonga volcano erupted, it tended to an explosive eruption, which Surtseyan eruption dominated. Secondly, the author analyzes the impact on the capital of Tonga, the surrounding area and the world through the primary disaster, such as the collapse of crater, volcanic ash and SO2. Then, the global impact of secondary disasters after primary disasters is analyzed, such as tsunami and climate change. Thirdly, the author concludes the pre-eruption symptoms, such as surface deformation and ionospheric anomaly. The observation of these anomalies and the establishment of a volcano monitoring system will help people to predict the next volcanic eruption. In addition, it remains to be seen how to detect the symptoms of volcanic eruption in time. Finally, this paper emphasizes that there are few practical applications of volcano monitoring system, and more volcanoes need to be monitored in time. If volcano monitoring systems were made more common around the world, people could minimize the damage caused by volcanoes.