Intensification of cultivation of seedlings of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) in the Southern Urals

Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, 450064 Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: butomus11@yandex.ru

Abstract

The study underscores the vital demand for efficient cultivation of Siberian spruce seedlings in reforestation and land reclamation. It delves into diverse peat substrate types, densities, and nutrient additives, providing insights for optimizing growth. The comprehensive approach involves microbiological preparations and mycorrhiza to enhance seedling development. The recommendation is to use high-density peat, introducing microbiological preparations post-emergence for fostering robust Siberian spruce seedlings. The relevance of the research stems from the high demand for large quantities of planting material in reforestation efforts. Siberian spruce, known for shade tolerance and cold resistance, is a significant carbon accumulator. The paper reports 2023 experiments on peat substrates with varying densities and nutrient additives, emphasizing pre-sowing seed treatment with growth stimulants. Results show increased germination energy and germination on denser and more acidic peat substrates. However, superior biometric indicators at the season's end are observed in seedlings grown on substrates with lower density and additives like a complex of humic acids, salts, mineral fertilizers, trace elements, soil microflora, and mycorrhiza. The proposal advocates using high-density peat (at least 0.6 g/cm³) for growing Siberian spruce seedlings, introducing microbiological preparations post-emergence, and regular fertilizing for enhanced first-year development.