Prevention of environmental risks when designing wastewater treatment facilities

¹ Moscow Polytechnic University, 38, Bolshaya Semenovskaya Street, 107023, Moscow, Russia
² LLC “Russian Treatment Plants”, 10, Zapadnaya Street, 143026, Odintsovo urban district, working village Novoivanovskoye, Russia

^* Corresponding author: marina.grafkina@rambler.ru

Abstract

Economic development leads to increased negative impacts on the environment, including water resources. Domestic wastewater treatment plants are an integral part of the sustainable development of the infrastructure of settlements and cities. Treatment facilities are a multifunctional complex and are engineering and environmental protection structures, the activities of which are aimed at protecting surface water bodies. At the same time, this activity is associated with environmental risks and negative impacts on the environment. It is most effective to predict risks and develop effective engineering measures to prevent them at the design stage of technical systems. The purpose of the work is to identify possible environmental risks during the implementation of the life cycle and to propose the necessary engineering measures to prevent them when developing a wastewater treatment plant project. The article is the first to identify and systematize the main environmental risks at the stages of design, construction, operation and reconstruction of wastewater treatment facilities. A classification of environmental risks according to other criteria (frequency, predictability, degree of damage) is presented. Research has been carried out to model possible events at wastewater treatment plants and their connection with negative consequences for the environment. Recommendations have been developed for the prevention of environmental risks, including technological, production and operational, and organizational aspects of environmental protection.