Environmental Impact Assessment of Biofuel Production: A Life Cycle Analysis of Key Indicators and Mitigation Strategies

¹ Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation
² Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
³ Department of CSE, GRIET, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, KG Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Chilkur(Vil), Moinabad(M), Ranga Reddy(Dist), Hyderabad, 500075, Telangana, India.
⁵ Uttaranchal University, Dehradun - 248007, India
⁶ Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura - 140417, Punjab, India
⁷ Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh - 174103 India
⁸ Department of Chemistry, Research & Incubation Centre, Rayat Bahra University, Chandigarh-Ropar NH 205, Greater Mohali, Punjab, 140103, India
⁹ Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, PO Box 44, Sohar, PCI 311, Oman

^* Corresponding author: plml@mail.ru

Abstract

This research analyzes the environmental impacts of biofuel production through a life cycle assessment (LCA), focusing particularly on ten fundamental elements. Studies indicate that the production of biofuels has had a notable effect on several aspects: the possibility of depletion of non-renewable resources (22.34 kg eq Sb), the capacity for acidification (14.23 kg eq SO₂), the likelihood of eutrophication (4.1 kg eq PO₄³⁻), and the impact on global warming (2400 kg eq CO₂). Notable progress has been made in the treatment of fuels, the cultivation of natural resources, and the use of diesel. The danger that can affect humanity is quite considerable, reaching a total of 3100.5 kilograms of 1,4- difluorobenzene equivalent, primarily resulting from the significant impact of fuel conversion, which amounts to 1400 kilograms. Five hundred kilograms. The influence of ocean environmental toxicity is significant, reaching 210,000 kilograms of 1,4-difluorobenzene equivalent, mostly originating from fuel manufacturing and the agriculture of raw materials. Although biofuels have a lower environmental impact than fossil fuels in terms of global warming, they still face challenges such as acidification, eutrophication, and toxicity. It is proposed to employ environmentally friendly agricultural techniques, implement precision agriculture, and incorporate renewable energies to mitigate these impacts and enhance the ecological advantages of biofuel production.