Analysis of soil salinity monitoring in irrigated areas (in case of Shimbay district, Republic of Karakalpakstan)

¹ "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers" National Research University, 39 Str.K.Niyazov, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
² Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, 17 Str.Little Ring Road, 100095 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
³ National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, 4 Str. University, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
⁴ Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, 1 Str. Ch.Abdirov, 230112, Nukus, Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: ilyasxoja.jumaniyazov@gmail.com

Abstract

Soil salinity increasing is one of the most dangerous factors for food security and ecological conditions in the world and also in Uzbekistan. Currently, salinity affects around 47% of Uzbekistan's irrigated lands. The study area is located in the western part of Uzbekistan and downstream of the Amu Darya River. The satellite images were acquired between the 2015- 2024 years over the 5-year time period. In order to analyse soil salinity was used Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) by the ArcGIS Pro software and RS data. Especially, slightly saline soils are the biggest occupied land and equal to 30% of the total area of the district, which of 127,735.4 ha. Also, saline soils are the second biggest land class which occupies 28.1% of the total area of the district, of which 119,612.9 ha. Meanwhile, non-saline soils occupied 20.55% of the total area, as well as both strongly saline and extremely saline soils occupied area is 21.34% of the total district of the study area, which is 87456.6 ha with 90827.43 ha.