Intensity and Direction of Dynamics of Soil Fertility Indicators in Landscape Farming

¹ Belgorod State Agrarian University, 1, Vavilova st., Maysky village, Belgorod district, Belgorod region, Russia
² Voronezh state agrarian University, Emperor Peter, Voronezh, Russia

^* Corresponding author: melentev_07@mail.ru

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of soil fertility indicators after the development of adaptive landscape farming systems in the most eroded region of the Belgorod region since 1981. Based on 40 years of research at the model object “Turnip Log”, it is shown that the direction and intensity of the soil-forming process is changing. Four stages are distinguished: at the first until 1993 the decrease in humus content and alkalization of the soil environment, characteristic of washed away carbonate soils, continues; at the second stage, the rate of humus loss drops 10 times; the third ten-year period is characterized by a significant increase in organic matter and its stabilization subsequently, which accompanied by a transition in pHsol. to the area of neutral values. The dynamics of mobile forms of macroelements and agronomically valuable cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ indicate the cultivation of soils in general. At the same time, it is emphasized that there are no universal elements in the agricultural system; Along with the creation of an ecological framework of protective plantings, it is necessary to comply with the principles of adaptive placement of agricultural crops and a deficit-free balance of humus and nutrients in crop rotations.