Unravelling the potential of fibrous silica zirconia catalyst for CO methanation in energy production

¹ Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
² Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: norafneeza@utm.my

Abstract

In this contemporary era of rapid progress, the global demand for energy has reached unprecedented levels, placing considerable strain on existing energy supplies. To address this challenge, synthetic or substituted natural gas (SNG) has emerged as a groundbreaking energy source attained through the methanation reaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO). This paper unveils a successful synthesis method for fibrous silica zirconia (FSZr) exploiting the microemulsion procedure, subsequently applied in the CO methanation process. The catalyst underwent comprehensive characterization using advanced techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and N₂ adsorption-desorption. The experimental results clearly demonstrate the exceptional catalytic performance of FSZr when compared to commercially available ZrO₂. At a temperature of 500 ºC, FSZr achieved a CO conversion and CH4 yield of 20.76% and 11.52%, respectively. The remarkable achievements are credited to FSZr’s distinct fibrous structure, expansive surface area, and exceptional basic characteristics. The heightened surface area facilitates better access to reactive sites, while the strong basic properties enable easier adsorption of the reactant. These combined factors significantly enhanced the effectiveness of the CO methanation procedure. These findings underscore the significance of fibrous morphology in zirconia catalysts for CO methanation, presenting a promising avenue for further research and insights into meeting the global energy demands efficiently.