Synthesis of Nickel-Based Medical Alloys via Mechanochemical Processing and Powder Metallurgy Techniques

¹ Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
² North West Agriculture and Forestry University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712100, China

^* Corresponding author: 17792231335@163.com

Abstract

In this study, medical nickel alloys suitable for dental applications were synthesised by a combination of force chemical synthesis and powder metallurgy. Titanium and base powders were used, processed in a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain sub-micron particle sizes and homogeneously mixed by mechanical alloying techniques to optimise sintering and compaction properties. This method ensures perfect consistency of particle composition and morphology, essential for the subsequent sintering process, which densifies the material to a relative density of 98.96% while maintaining the precise shape and weight specifications required. Manganese, boron and cerium are added in moderate amounts to enhance bond strength with porcelain veneers without sacrificing corrosion resistance or causing discolouration. Boron content is controlled below 0.1 weight percent to reduce brittleness, and silicon is adjusted to maintain mechanical strength. The alloy's coefficient of thermal expansion is optimised and determined by dilatometry techniques to ensure compatibility with porcelain and compliance with industry standards for nickel-based dental alloys. Tested mechanical properties including yield strength, tensile strength and Vickers hardness showed robustness and resistance that surpassed most nickel-based alloys and competed with cobalt-based alternatives. The study concluded that the advanced synthesis technology used to produce the nickelcontaining medical alloy has improved mechanical, thermal and aesthetic properties, making it ideal for the manufacture of dental prostheses that require high precision.