Catalytic Conversion of Greenhouse Gases Using Sustainable Nanocatalysts

¹ Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India,
² Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
³ Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
⁴ Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
⁵ Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India
⁶ G D Goenka University, Haryana, India

^* Corresponding author: vaibhav.mittal@lpu.co.in

Abstract

This study explores the catalytic conversion of greenhouse gases (GHGs) using sustainable nanocatalysts, with the goal of addressing climate change and decreasing human-caused emissions. Four different types of nanocatalysts were synthesized, each with distinct compositions and properties. These include metal oxide, carbon-based, zeolite-based, and perovskite nanocatalysts. The characterization of these materials unveiled their nanostructured composition, significant surface area, and adjustable surface chemistry, which are crucial for their catalytic activity in greenhouse gas conversion reactions. The catalytic performance was evaluated, revealing different levels of efficiency in converting CO2 and CH4. The nanocatalysts made of metal oxide demonstrated the highest efficiency, while carbon-based, perovskite, and zeolite-based nanocatalysts followed suit. In addition, the reaction rate constants were found to be influenced by the composition and structure of the nanocatalyst. Metal oxide and carbon-based nanocatalysts exhibited higher rate constants in comparison to zeolite-based and perovskite nanocatalysts. Upon conducting stability assessments over multiple reaction cycles, it was observed that nanocatalysts made of metal oxide and carbon exhibited superior durability compared to those made of zeolite and perovskite. In summary, the findings highlight the promise of sustainable nanocatalysts in catalytic greenhouse gas conversion. These catalysts provide effective and eco-friendly solutions for tackling climate change and progressing towards a sustainable future. Further research and innovation in nanocatalyst design, synthesis, and performance evaluation are crucial for fully harnessing the potential of nanotechnology in reducing GHG emissions and attaining global sustainability objectives.