Honeybees, bumblebees in the processes of competition and migration of pollinators in biocenoses

Smolensk State Agricultural Academy, Smolensk, Russia

^* Corresponding author: igo21vek@yandex.ru

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study and comparative analysis of changes in biodiversity, the processes of competition and migration of pollinating insects of two closely located biocenoses (Plot 1 and 2) over a long period of observations. Competition processes depended on the initial and current number of pollinators, the availability of biodiversity, entomophilous plants with high and low honey productivity.There were periods of high competition and unstable equilibrium between pollinators (May-July) and stable equilibrium without competition (August).Others replaced some pollinators, in particular solitary bees, on entomophilous plants with lower honey productivity. Thus, there was the division or intersection of ecological niches and the migration of pollinators to worse living conditions with a lower level of competition or its absence. There was a constant division or crossing of ecological niches and the migration of pollinators to worse conditions vital activity, with less or no competition. In the management of agroecosystems, we should take into account the competition between pollinators and their migration. In order to reduce the level of competition, stress conditions of pollinators, and preserve their biodiversity, it is necessary to take measures to provide bumblebees and solitary bees with food resources.