Stray bird species are reference points of the initial stages of changing areas in conditions of directional climate change (on The example Eastern Siberia)

Baikal Museum of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academic Str., Listvaynka Setl., Irkutsk Oblast, 664520, Russia

^* Corresponding author: yumel48@mail.ru

Abstract

We have shown that Eastern Siberia has now become the scene of climate change, which is determined by its location – the center of Inner Asia. It was found that as a result of increased solar activity on the western edge of Eurasia, the latitudinal transfer of air masses was replaced by a meridional (North Atlantic sector) one. Later, such a shift was observed in the eastern (Pacific) sector of Asia. As a result, a hotbed of elevated surface air temperature was formed in Eastern Siberia and adjacent areas of Mongolia and China, and distant bird evictions to the north, east and west were observed. It is shown that such flights are the first stage of the transformation of bird areas. In the first half of the 20th century, weak western and eastern bird streams have already reached of the hollow Lake Baikal. By the middle of the 20th century, 60 new bird species had been recorded here, but their numbers were insignificant. Subsequently, there were clear trends among them towards further expansion of their areas. It is proved that long-range flights of new species are the first benchmarks indicating the upcoming changes in bird areas. Their consequences should be taken into account in economic activities.