Developing the innovative method of processing and sowing cotton seeds

¹ Turkmen Agricultural Institute, Dashoguz, Turkmenistan
² Ministry of Agriculture Turkmenistan, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan

^* Corresponding author: batyrtohi@gail.com

Abstract

One of the most important tasks of cotton cultivation is to develop advanced technology of precise cotton seeding. Laboratory and field methods, precise sowing methods, P. Fisher's method of dispersion, and B.A. Dospehov's method were used. In our country today, cotton sowing uses a "white seed" that has not been completely naked. As a result of the research, when using fluffy white seeds, sowing can only be done in rows, up to 120 kg of seeds are needed per hectare, after sowing, thinning is required, and because the seeds fluff is not removed seeds germinate over a long period of time, for this reason it requires excessive amount of seeds and manual labor which lead to higher costs. Therefore, improving the technology of cotton cultivation is one of the most important issues. Based on this, we have carried out research on the development of innovative technology for precise sowing of cotton seeds in Turkmenistan using innovative technology. According to the study, the best results in terms of germination, weight and overall yield of cotton in one of the investigated seeds were chemically removed, 25 kg of seeds per hectare were planted in a precise manner, and such seeds were exposed on shortwave electromagnetic rays. Seeds obtained using such methods are significantly different from the performance of fluffy seeds. According to the results of laboratory research and field experiments, agrotechnical rules have been improved to achieve the appropriate density of cotton. Implementing the results of the work will help to increase the average yield per hectare by 25-30% per hectare in the country's cotton industry, reduce the consumption of cotton seeds by 4-5 times, reduce the work of thinning by 70-80%, reduce the amount of manual labor, and ensure efficient use of land and water.