Adaptive capacity of sugar beet under herbicide application

Penza State Agrarian University, 30, Botanicheskaya Street, Penza, 440014, Russia

^* Corresponding author: zheryakov.e.v@pgau.ru

Abstract

The article deals with the results of the research on phytotoxicity exerted by herbicides on plants of various sugar beet hybrids. Treatment with betanal group herbicides ensured high purity of sowing combined with low phytotoxicity for sugar beet plants in the stage with a pair of cotyledon-1 true leaves.The phytotoxicity of the herbicide was 18.0-18.6% relative to the variant with manual weeding. At the initial stages of growth, plants of F hybrids were the most resistant to the negative effects of herbicides F1 Skala, F1 Priliv and F1 Burya. After the second treatment, growth inhibition was observed in the variants using herbicides with an increase in mass deficit. The most resistant to the negative effects of herbicides was hybrid F1 Skala. For hybrids F1 Priliv and F1 Gorizont effect of the chemical stress factor was assessed as the most toxic; the weight of 100 plants increased by only 4.5-4.6% compared to the control hybrid. The phytotoxicity of the herbicide combination for sugar beet plants was significantly reduced (to 12-13%) compared to earlier herbicide treatments. High resistance after three herbicide treatments negative effects of herbicides were noted in hybrid F1 Skala. After the first chemical weeding, the amount of chlorophyll a in the leaves was one and a half times less than after manual weeding. After the second treatment with herbicides, the most intense degradation of pigments in the leaves was observed. After the third treatment in the “third pair of true leaves” phase, the plants’ resistance to chemical herbicides increased slightly.