Land resources of the Republic of Tyva and their rational use

Center for Biosphere Research of the Republic of Tuva, Kyzyl, 667003, Russia

^* Corresponding author: sambuu@mail.ru

Abstract

The Republic of Tyva (Russia), located at the junction of the South Siberian taiga and Central Asian desert landscapes, has a diverse potential of natural resources, including land. The natural conditions of the republic are difficult: a very harsh climate, the relief of the territory is mountainous and hollow, which make it difficult to develop natural resources. Many scientists of pre-revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union were engaged in the problems of developing the natural potential of the republic, now research is conducted by scientific collectives of the country. They studied natural conditions and natural resources, published fundamental works on the rational development of the republic's wealth. In a small area, soils from rich, ordinary and southern chernozems, various variants of chestnut to mountain-taiga and mountain-tundra soils are common. Tuva's land resources are formed with a small and uneven distribution of precipitation, deep freezing of soils in open steppe areas, different capacities and mechanical composition of soil-forming rocks, their unequal infiltration ability, forming the soil cover and distribution of landscapes. Due to the low soil fertility, the republic belongs to the areas of risky agriculture. The work is devoted to the analysis of Tuva's land resources and their rational use.