Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Time on Liquid Smoke Yield in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Shells Pyrolysis Process

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara, Almamater Kampus USU Street, Padang Bulan, Medan 20115, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: rosdanelli@usu.ac.id

Abstract

Biomass pyrolysis is an emerging method to manage solid biomass from agricultural activity, which transforms solid organic materials thermally to create solid, liquid, and non-condensable gases as its product. This research was conducted to understand the effect of pyrolysis temperature and time on the yield of liquid smoke from coconut shell biomass. In this work, the pyrolysis was performed with temperatures of 350°C, 450°C, and 550°C, with a pyrolysis time of 2, 3, and 4 hours. Based on this work, it is known that both pyrolysis temperature and time affected the yield of liquid smoke. The liquid smoke obtained at temperature pyrolysis of 350°C for 4 hours yields 46,5%, with density of 1.025 g/ml, viscosity of 1,555 cP, and pH of 2. GC-MS characterization revealed the 20 components in obtained liquid smoke, including organic acids, carbonyl compounds, phenolic compounds, and another compound. Acetic acid is the dominant component, up to 51.40%.