Optimizing crop irrigation regimes considering groundwater level and mineralization in Turkmenistan

¹ Technology of hydromeliorative works Department, Vice Dean of Academic Affairs of Hydromelioration Faculty, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
² Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
³ Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan
⁴ Organization and management of agriculture Department, Economics and management of Agriculture Faculty, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
⁵ Electrification and Automation of Agriculture Department, Mechanization of agriculture Faculty, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
⁶ Sewing Production Department, Textile production Faculty, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
⁷ Scientific Department, S.A.Niyazov Turkmen Agricultural University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan

^* Corresponding author: tirkish.pashyyev@gmail.com

Abstract

This study offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of surface methods, sprinkling, and drip irrigation techniques utilized in the cultivation of crops in Turkmenistan, taking into consideration the region's unique soil and climatic conditions. The primary objective is to assess the advantages and drawbacks of these irrigation methodologies in optimizing crop productivity. By conducting meticulous scientific data analysis, the research explores the performance of each technique in terms of water efficiency, crop yield, and environmental impact. Surface methods, although widely employed, demonstrate limitations in water conservation and susceptibility to weed proliferation. Conversely, sprinkling irrigation highlights effective water dispersion but raises concerns regarding heightened soil erosion. Drip irrigation surfaces as a promising solution due to its precise water application and minimal evaporation loss; however, factors such as technical intricacy and associated costs necessitate consideration. Drawing from the study's findings, it is advisable to selectively implement irrigation methods tailored to specific crop types and geographical regions within Turkmenistan. The adoption of suitable irrigation practices has the potential to significantly bolster agricultural output, while concurrently preserving water reservoirs and mitigating environmental repercussions. Consequently, these findings offer invaluable insights to farmers and researchers, facilitating the development of sustainable irrigation strategies customized to Turkmenistan's agricultural terrain. Ultimately, this research contributes to the advancement of agricultural practices by offering practical guidance for optimizing crop irrigation in Turkmenistan's unique agricultural ecosystem.