| Issue |
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 622, 2025
2nd International Conference on Environment, Green Technology, and Digital Society (INTERCONNECTS 2024)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 01015 | |
| Number of page(s) | 8 | |
| Section | Engineering and Technology | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562201015 | |
| Published online | 04 April 2025 | |
Optimization of Exhaust Emissions on FI Motorcycle using Programmable ECU and Ethanol Mixture with Taguchi Method
1 Department of Automotive Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang 25131, Indonesia
2 Pusat Riset Mobil Hemat Energi (PRIME), Padang 25131, Indonesia
3 Centre for Energy and Power Electronics Research (CEPER), Padang 25131, Indonesia
4 Postgraduate Technical and Vocational Education Program, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang 25131, Indonesia
* Corresponding author: wawan5527@ft.unp.ac.id
This study investigates fluctuations in carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) levels in exhaust emissions from fuel-injected (FI) motorcycles equipped with programmable ECUs. For each test, three different injection and ignition timings are used, as well as three distinct spark plug types and three ethanol combinations. The study's goal is to determine the best settings for reducing exhaust emissions. This experimental study used the Taguchi method with the L9 orthogonal array, with FI motorcycles serving as the major research object. The most significant impact on emissions was found by ANOVA analysis to be injector timing (factor D), which contributed 52.90% for carbon monoxide and 25.21% for hydrocarbons. The optimum approach to lower exhaust emission levels is to use an iridium spark plug, 350° ATDC injector timing, 5° BTDC ignition timing, and gasoline-ethanol (E30), according to the results of the experimental verification. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing engine settings to meet stricter environmental regulations and enhance fuel efficiency, contributing to sustainable and eco-friendly transportation solutions.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2025
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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