Comparative study of the antioxidant effect of three Aloe species

¹ Laboratory for improving agricultural production, biotechnology, and the environment (LAPABE), Faculty of Science Oujda, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
² Laboratory of Bioresource, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Science Oujda, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
³ Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Laboratory / Natural Resource Engineering and Environmental Impacts Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga BP 145, Khouribga, Morocco
⁴ Biotechnology, Environmental Technology and Valorization of Bio-resources team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Al-Hoceima, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco

^* Corresponding author: m.derouiche@ump.ac.ma

Abstract

Research into antioxidants in plants has expanded greatly in recent years, to find the best posible antioxidants to prevent and even treat disease. This study represents the first comparative investigation of the antioxidant activity of these three Aloe species (Aloe vera, arborescens and brevifolia). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of the three Aloe species. A calibration range of a standard antioxidant represents the positive control, Butylhydroxyanisol (BHA) (0-100 µg/ml). The results showed a significant difference in the free radical scavenging activity of the three Aloe species and the standard (BHA) for DPPH, with respective IC50 values from lowest to highest of 0.040 mg/ml for standard BHA, 0.100 mg/ml for Aloe vera, 0.270 mg/ml for Aloe arborescens and 0.370 mg/ml for Aloe brevifolia. The percentage of inhibition in Aloe vera is higher than in the other two species (Aloe arborescens and brevifolia). Aloe vera, which is very rich in active substances, showed high antioxidant potential comparable to that of the standard. Leaf extracts from Aloe arborescens and Aloe brevifolia also had a lower antioxidant potential than Aloe vera, but this was not negligible.