Review: Metallic trace elements and arbuscular mycorhizal fungi

Laboratory for the Improvement of Agricultural Production Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of science, University Mohammed First, 60000 Oujda, Morocco

^* Corresponding author: wissamesalma@gmail.com

Abstract

Root endophytic fungi are the crucial microscopic organisms who make association with fruit trees and shurbs. Vesicular mycorrhizal fungi promote a better absorption of soil nutrient by plants due to mycelial network who facilitate carbon ; sugar ; water and mineral elements. A lot of plant species present fungal symbiosis. In addition to that mycorrhiza presence is based on numerous determinant such as soil characteristics and climate conditions. Metallic trace elements pollution is considered one of the most dangerous issues on the world because of the non-degradable nature of metallic trace elements and their potential to enhance serious problems on human health ; agriculture and animals. Moreover, metallic trace element, notably in Significant concentrations harmful effect on plants growth, microscopic organisms and soil properties as pH. Numerous plant species coexist symbiotically with (AMF), which have the capacity to clean up metallic trace elements (MTE) -polluted soils and enhance a lot of soil functions. Furthermore, AMF are associated with improvements in plant growth and resistance to (MTE) stress, under scoring their importance for ecological restoration and food security. This study was carried out to highlight mycorrhizae and their importance in the process of purifying polluted soils.