Using the heat of floating and land-based nuclear power plants for heat supply needs

¹ Department of Agriculture Machinery, “Angel Kanchev” University of Ruse, 7004, Ruse, Bulgaria
² Institute of Energy Efficiency and Hydrogen Technologies, NRU "MPEI", 101000 Moscow, Russian Federation
³ Department of Heat, Hydraulics and Environmental Engineering, “Angel Kanchev” University of Ruse, 7004 Ruse, Bulgaria
⁴ Department of Economics and Management, Russian University of Cooperation, 42000 Kazan, Russian Federation

Abstract

The article explores the potential of nuclear power plants as a solution to the problems of modern heat supply. The main challenges are related to the deterioration of infrastructure, dependence on fossil fuels and the negative impact on the environment. The authors focus on innovative nuclear energy technologies such as small modular reactors and floating nuclear power plants. These developments contribute to cost optimization and reduction of air pollution. International experience, including the achievements of Russia, China and Eastern Europe, confirms the effectiveness of nuclear energy in the field of heat supply. Russian projects such as the Akademik Lomonosov floating nuclear power plant and Arctic initiatives are proving highly effective due to the possibility of simultaneous generation of electricity and heat. Nuclear energy is especially relevant in regions with worn-out equipment, harsh climatic conditions and high dependence on coal and oil. Modern approaches make it possible to integrate new technologies into regional systems according to a single principle. As a result, nuclear heat supply becomes the optimal solution for Arctic and industrial areas, providing reliable and environmentally friendly energy supply with minimal emissions.