Environmental Pollution Analysis and Bioremediation Strategies at Landfills in Pekanbaru City

Riau University, Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, 28291, Riau, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: eliyaeli825@gmail.com

Abstract

Pekanbaru City in Riau Province is experiencing rapid urban growth, accompanied by a significant rise in solid waste, especially household waste. This increase contributes to soil pollution at the Final Disposal Site (TPA), primarily from organic waste such as food scraps, which dominate household waste composition. These materials decompose easily and generate leachate that contaminates soil and groundwater, as well as methane gas (CH₄) that threatens atmospheric quality. This study analyzes the types and levels of soil pollution caused by organic waste at Pekanbaru's landfills and evaluates the potential of bioremediation strategies. Using a qualitative approach through field observations, interviews with landfill managers and environmental agencies, and secondary data analysis, the study finds that pollution comes mainly from organic leachate containing nitrogen compounds, phosphates, and pathogenic microorganisms. Bioremediation using local soil microorganisms, such as decomposer bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis), shows promise in accelerating organic degradation, reducing soil toxicity, and improving soil structure. However, challenges include the absence of proper leachate treatment, limited bioremediation technology, and low public awareness of waste segregation. The study recommends collaborative efforts among government, landfill operators, academia, and communities to implement sustainable bioremediation for reducing soil pollution in Pekanbaru City.