Investigation of Brackish Water Quality Near Beach: A Case Study Tuban Coastline in Indonesia

¹ Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
² Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
³ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia

Abstract

Brackish water is an alternative water resource that is formed from seawater and freshwater. Brackish water can be desalinated to achieve reliable fresh water, especially in regions with limited natural freshwater resources. It is essential to identify the quality of brackish water before it is desalinated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the quality of brackish water collected along the coastline of Tuban, Indonesia. Various water samples from different sites were collected and analyzed. There were five sampling sites ranging from -6.89 to -6.92 for latitude and from 112.111 to 112.128 for longitude. The samples were collected twice 1,5 L at each sampling site. Then, cation and anion properties were examined using ICP-OES including Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, and SO₄^2-. In addition, the concentration of salts was investigated such as NaCl, KCl, MgCl₂, and MgSO₄. Salinity and the physical properties of all water samples were evaluated using a water quality meter. In general, the results of the study presented that the quality of brackish water in Tuban coastline Indonesia was relatively clean and needed to be desalinated first to reduce salinity before use for potable and non-potable purposes.