Evaluation of the adaptability of non-traditional oil crops in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan

¹ Southern Research Institute of Agricultural, Beshkent highway 3 km, Karshi, Kashkadarya region, 180100, Uzbekistan
² "Sholikor" MFE, Madaniyat avenue, Tashkent, 111506, Uzbekistan
³ Karshi State Technical University, 19, Khonobod street, Karshi city, 180119, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The article analyzes winter hardiness, drought resistance, heat resistance and adaptation of non-traditional oil crops of camelina, rapeseed and oil radish in the conditions of the Kashkadarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on the assessment of physiological indicators. According to the results of the study of the drought tolerance of different concentrations of sucrose, it was established that rapeseed has a resistance of 6-8%, and rice has a resistance of 50%. It was noted that 5 camelina plants died after winter, and 11 rapeseed plants. Among the studied non-traditional oil crops, it was found that oil radish plants have low winter adaptability compared to other crops. When observing the condition of the plants after the winter, it was found that 20 plants had died. Research has shown that rapeseed demonstrates the lowest water deficit in the flowering and pod formation phases (14.6% and 20.7%), which indicates higher drought resistance and better water availability. And camelina and oilseed radish have approximately 2.5-3 times greater water deficit, especially at the stage of pod formation. This indicates a more pronounced water stress in these crops during this period. The coagulation temperature index reflects the resistance of water-soluble proteins to stress (e.g. heat or drought). Oilseed radish shows the highest values (58°C flowering and 63°C pod formation), indicating high resistance of proteins to heat stress. Rapeseed also demonstrates high temperature (58°C and 62°C). The saffron milk cap shows slightly lower values (56°C and 61°C), which may indicate lower stress resistance of the proteins. Rapeseed is better adapted to drought due to its low water deficit, although it has low water retention - perhaps it uses moisture more efficiently. Oilseed radish and camelina have a high water deficit, but compensate for this with good water-holding capacity. The high temperature of protein coagulation in radishes and rapeseed indicates their greater resistance to the heat conditions of our republic.