Open Access
Issue
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 632, 2025
The 5th Edition of Oriental Days for the Environment “Green Lab. Solution for Sustainable Development” (JOE5)
Article Number 01018
Number of page(s) 7
Section Natural Resources, Earth & Environmental Studies
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202563201018
Published online 03 June 2025
  1. A. Belay, The Potential Application of Spirulina (Arthrospira) as a Nutritional and Therapeutic Supplement in Health Management. J. Am. Nutraceutical Assoc. 5, 27-48 (2002). [Google Scholar]
  2. A. Asghari, M. Fazilati, A. M. Latifi, H. Salavati, A. Choopani, A Review on Antioxidant Properties of Spirulina. J. Appl. Biotechnol. Rep. 3, 345-351 (2016). [Google Scholar]
  3. A. Djeridane, M. Yous, B. Nadjemi, D. Boutassouna, P. Stocker, N. Vidal, Antioxidant activity of some Algerian medicinal plants extracts containing phenolic compounds. Food Chem. 97, 654-660 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.04.028 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  4. A. Karray, N. Krayem, H. Ben Saad, A. Sayari, Spirulina platensis, Punica granatum peel, and moringa leaves extracts in cosmetic formulations: an integrated approach of in vitro biological activities and acceptability studies. Environ Sci Pollut R. 28, 8802-8811 (2021). DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11156-6 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. A. Kumar, D. Ramamoorthy, D. Kumar Verma, A. Kumar, N. Kumar, K. R. Kanak, B. M. Marwein, K. Mohan, Antioxidant and phytonutrient activities of Spirulina platensis. Energy Nexus. 6, 100070 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100070 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  6. A. N. Panche, A. D. Diwan, S. R. Chandra, Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci 5, e47 (2016). DOI: 10.1017/jns.2016.41 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. A. Othman, L. Norton, A. S. Finny, S. Andreescu, Easy-to-use and Inexpensive Sensors for Assessing the Quality and Traceability of Cosmetic Antioxidants. Talanta. 208, 120473 (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120473 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  8. AACC. American Association of Cereal Chemists. Approved Methods of the AACC, (10th ed.). St. Paul, MN: The Association, Method 44-15A. (2000). [Google Scholar]
  9. AOAC. Official Method of Analysis: Association of Analytical Chemists, (19th Edition). Washington DC, 121-130 (2012). [Google Scholar]
  10. B. B. Panigrahi, P. K. Panda, V. J. Patro, Wound Healing Activity of Spirulina Extracts. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 6, 132-135 (2011). [Google Scholar]
  11. B. Nihal, N. Vishal Gupta, D. V. Gowda, M. Manohar, Formulation and Development of Topical Anti Acne Formulation of Spirulina Extract. Int. J. Appl. Pharm. 10, 229-233 (2018). DOI:10.22159/ijap.2018v10i6.26334 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. B. W. B. Holman, A. E. O. Malau-Aduli, Spirulina as a livestock supplement and animal feed. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 97, 615-623 (2013). DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01328.x [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. C. M. Shih, S. N. Cheng, C. S. Wong, Y. L. Kuo, T. C. Chou, Anti-inflammatory and anti- hyperalgesic activity of C-phycocyanin. Anesth. Analg. 108, 1303-1310 (2009). DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318193e919 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. C. Souza, P. M. B. G. M. Campos, Development and Photoprotective Effect of a Sunscreen Containing the Antioxidants Spirulina and Dimethylmethoxy Chromanol on Sun-Induced Skin Damage. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 104, 52-64 (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.03.026 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  15. C. Turek, F. C. Stintzing, Stability of essential oils: a review. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F. 12, 40-53 (2013). DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12006 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  16. Dianursanti, P. Nugroho, M. Bagus Prakasa, Comparison of maceration and soxhletation method for flavonoid production from Spirulina platensis as a sunscreen’s raw material. AIP Conf. Proc. 2230, 020006 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0002806 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  17. G. Gutiérrez-Salmeán, L. Fabila-Castillo, G. Chamorro-Cevallos, Nutritional and toxicological aspects of Spirulina (Arthrospira). Nutr. Hosp. 32, 34-40 (2015). DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.1.9001 [Google Scholar]
  18. G. L. Miller, Use of dinitrosaiicyiic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31, 426-428 (1959). [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  19. I. Dini, S. Laneri, Nutricosmetics: A Brief Overview. Phytother. Res. 33, 3054-3063 (2019). [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. I. Ragusa, G. N. Nardone, S. Zanatta, W. Bertin, E. Amadio, Spirulina for Skin Care: A Bright Blue Future. Cosmetics. 8, 7 (2021). DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6494 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. I. Setyaningsih, N. I. Sari, K. Tarman, N. Manurung, M. Safithri, In Vitro Evaluation of Face Mask Containing Extract and Biomass of Spirulina Platensis and Its Antibacterial Activity. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 404, 12054-12062 (2019). DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/404/1/012054 [Google Scholar]
  22. J. A. V. Costa, G. M. B. Moro, D. De Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira, E. Corsini, T. E. Bertolin, The Potential of Spirulina and Its Bioactive Metabolites as Ingested Agents for Skin Care. Ind. Biotechnol. 13, 244-252 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1089/ind.2017.0010 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  23. J. L. García, M. de Vicente, B. Galán, Microalgae, Old Sustainable Food and Fashion Nutraceuticals. Microb. Biotechnol. 10, 1017-1024 (2017). DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12800 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  24. K. El Kabous, K. Atfaoui, A. Oubihi, S. Hamoutou, M. Ouhssine, The study of the heterogeneity of the qualities of Argan oils and pomaces from different cooperatives in the Essaouira region (Morocco). J. Oleo Sci. 72, 283-293 (2023). DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22222 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. K. El Kabous, M. Amri, M. Ouhssine, Evaluation of soaking and germination interest: Comparative study of the chemical and phytochemical composition between three species of food legumes listed in the Moroccan official catalog. J Xi'an Shiyou Univ Nat Sci Ed. 18:1712-1719 (2022). [Google Scholar]
  26. K. El Kabous, M. Ouhssine, Moroccan Propolis: Unraveling the Phytochemical Diversity, Chemical Composition, and Antioxidant Potential Across Two Seasons. Trop J Nat Prod Res, 7:3974-3980 (2023). http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i9.19 [Google Scholar]
  27. M. A. Ebrahimzadeh, R. Enayatifard, M. Khalili, M. Ghaffarloo, M. Saeedi, J. Y. Charati, Correlation between sun protection factor and antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some medicinal plants. Iran. J. Pharm. Sci. 13, 1041-1047 (2014). [Google Scholar]
  28. M. Doreau, D. Bauchart, Y. Chilliard, Enhancing fatty acid composition of milk and meat through animal feeding. Anim Prod Sci. 51, 19-29 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1071/AN10043 [Google Scholar]
  29. M. Dubois, K. A. Gilles, J. K. Hamilton, P. A. Rebers, F. Smith, Colorimetric method for determination of sugar and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28, 350-356 (1956). [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  30. M. Kent, H. M. Welladsen, A. Mangott, Y. Li, Nutritional evaluation of Australian microalgae as potential human health supplements. PloS One. 10, e0118985 (2015). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118985 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  31. M. L. Mourelle, C. P. Gómez, J. L. Legido, The Potential Use of Marine Microalgae and Cyanobacteria in Cosmetics and Thalassotherapy. Cosmetics. 4, 46 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4040046 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  32. M. Sanchez, J. Bernal-Castillo, C. Rozo, I. Rodriguez, Spirulina (Arthrospira): an edible microorganism – a review. Univ. Sci. 8, 7-24 (2003). [Google Scholar]
  33. R. Parra-Saldivar, Photosynthetic bioenergy utilizing CO2: An approach on flue gases utilization for third generation biofuels. J. Clean. Prod. 98, 53e65 (2015). DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.034 [Google Scholar]
  34. S. C. Sahin, The Potential of Arthrospira Platensis Extract as a Tyrosinase Inhibitor for Pharmaceutical or Cosmetic Applications. S. Afr. J. Bot. 119, 236-243 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.09.004 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  35. S. Delsin, D. Mercurio, M. Fossa, P. Maia Campos, Clinical Efficacy of Dermocosmetic Formulations Containing Spirulina Extract on Young and Mature Skin: Effects on the Skin Hydrolipidic Barrier and Structural Properties. Clin. Pharmacol. Biopharm. 4, 1000144–1000149 (2015). DOI: 10.4172/2167-065X.1000144 [Google Scholar]
  36. S. Dudonné, X. Vitrac, P. Coutière, M. Woillez, J. M. Mérillon, Comparative Study of Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of 30 Plant Extracts of Industrial Interest Using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC Assays. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57, 1768-1774 (2009). DOI: 10.1021/jf803011r [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. S. M. Hosseini, S. Shahbazizadeh, K. Khosravi-Darani, M. R. Mozafari, Spirulina paltensis: Food and Function. Curr. Nutr. Food Sci. 9, 189-193 (2013). DOI:10.2174/1573401311309030003 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  38. V. L. Singleton, J. A. Rossi, Colorimetry of total phenolic with phosphomolybdic– phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16, 144-158 (1965). DOI: 10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144 [Google Scholar]
  39. Y. Ou, S. Zheng, L. Lin, Q. Jiang, X. Yang, Protective effect of C-phycocyanin against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in vitro and in vivo. Chem. Biol. Interact. 185, 94-100 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.013 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.