Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Philippine groundwater using a risk-based approach

Open Access

Issue		E3S Web Conf. Volume 712, 2026 2026 16^th International Conference on Future Environment and Energy (ICFEE 2026)


Article Number		01005
Number of page(s)		7
Section		Sustainable Water Resources Management and Pollution Control
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202671201005
Published online		19 May 2026

J. Glüge, M. Scheringer, I.T. Cousins, J.C. DeWitt, G. Goldenman, D. Herzke, R. Lohmann, C.A. Ng, X. Trier, Z. Wang, Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts 22, 2345–2373 (2020) [Google Scholar]
M. Benaafi, A. Bafaqeer, Water (Basel) 16, 158 (2024) [Google Scholar]
S.E. Fenton, A. Ducatman, A. Boobis, J.C. DeWitt, C. Lau, C. Ng, J.S. Smith, S.M. Roberts, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 40, 606–630 (2021) [Google Scholar]
M.G.E. Guardian, E.G. Boongaling, V.R.R. Bernardo-Boongaling, J. Gamonchuang, T. Boontongto, R. Burakham, D.S. Aga, Chemosphere 247, 127115 (2020) [Google Scholar]
P. Byrne, E. Biles, L. Cui, R. Williams, D.V. Faustino-Eslava, L. Quick, M. Casa, F.I.P. Gonzalvo, M.R.V. Regalado, K.B.N. Cabrera, K.F.C. Tenio, J. Padrones, J.M. Guotana, K.A. Hudson-Edwards, G. Vasilopoulos, T.J. Coulthard, C. Tortajada, J.D. Villanueva-Peyraube, J.B. Sevilla-Nastor, J.P.T. Domingo, D. Megson, River Res. Appl. 4, 29–35 (2025) [Google Scholar]
M.C. Velarde, A.F.O. Chan, M.E.J.V. Sajo, I. Zakharevich, J. Melamed, G.L.B. Uy, J.M.Y. Teves, A. J.M. Corachea, A.P. Valparaiso, S.S. Macalindong, N.D. Cabaluna, R.B. Dofitas, L.C. Giudice, R.R. Gerona, Chemosphere 286, 131545 (2022) [Google Scholar]
U.S. EPA, Method 1633A: Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous, Solid, Biosolids, and Tissue Samples by LC-MS/MS, Washington, DC, USA (2024) [Google Scholar]
M.B. Ahmed, M.A.H. Johir, R. McLaughlan, L.N. Nguyen, B. Xu, L.D. Nghiem, Sci. Total Environ. 731, 141251 (2020) [Google Scholar]
E. Hepburn, C. Madden, D. Szabo, T.L. Coggan, B. Clarke, M. Currell, Environ. Pollut. 248, 101–110 (2019) [Google Scholar]
V. Rafiei, A.P. Nejadhashemi, Water Res. 240, 120073 (2023) [Google Scholar]
N. Bolan, B. Sarkar, M. Vithanage, G. Singh, D.C.W. Tsang, R. Mukhopadhyay, K. Ramadass, A. Vinu, Y. Sun, S. Ramanayaka, S.A. Hoang, Y. Yan, Y. Li, J. Rinklebe, H. Li, M.B. Kirkham, Environ. Int. 155, 106600 (2021) [Google Scholar]
A.O. De Silva, J.M. Armitage, T.A. Bruton, C. Dassuncao, W. Heiger Bernays, X.C. Hu, A. Kärrman, B. Kelly, C.A. Ng, A. Robuck, M. Sun, T.F. Webster, E.M. Sunderland, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 40, 631–657 (2021) [Google Scholar]
National Toxicology Program (NTP), NTP Monograph on Immunotoxicology Associated with Exposure to Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) or Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) (Research Triangle Park, NC, 2016) [Google Scholar]
M. Silver, W. Phelps, K. Masarik, K. Burke, C. Zhang, A. Schwartz, M. Wang, A.L. Nitka, J. Schutz, T. Trainor, J.W. Washington, B.D. Rheineck, Environ. Sci. Technol. 57, 17415–17426 (2023) [Google Scholar]
U.S. EPA, PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation, Washington, DC, USA (2024) [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.