Formation and evaluation of the genefund of subtropical cultures in the Nikita Botanical Gardens

Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia

^* Corresponding author: tsupkanbg@mail.ru

Abstract

The article presents the stages of formation and the results of the study of the genefund of persimmon, ziziphus, olives and figs in the Nikita Botanical Gardens. Based on the results of many years research, the best cultivars have been selected that are donors of economically valuable characteristics. Among the cultivars of foreign selection, the following cultivars are selected according to the best complex of economically valuable characteristics: persimmons (Fuyu, Kiara, Hiakume, Hachia, Rojo Brillante, Sharon, Batumsky II, etc.), ziziphus (Zhu-Tau-Zao, Chinese 2A, Chinese 93, Ta-Yan-Zao, Ya-Zao), olives (Ascolano, Tiflis, Coreggiolo, Della Madonna, Otur, etc.), figs (Randino, Grosse Violette de Bordeaux, Castle Kennedy etc.). As a result of directed interspecific and intraspecific hybridization of the best foreign cultivars, a significant hybrid fund was formed and new cultivars were bred, which surpass foreign cultivars in a number of characteristics. Among them are persimmon cultivars: Stella, Zolotistaya, Zvezdochka, Mechta, Nikitskaya Bordovaya, Yuzhnaya Krasavitsa, Ukrainka, Suvenir Oseni, Rossiyanka, etc., cultivars of ziziphus Koktebel, Meteor, Tavrika, Yalita, Sinit, Radoslav, Konfetny, etc., cultivars of olives: Manita, Skorospelaya, Violetta, Nikitskaya, Krymskaya Prevoskhodnaya, etc., fig cultivars: Yantarny, Sukhofruktovy Nikitsky, Podarok Oktyabru, Sabrucia Rozovaya, etc.