Green Synthesis of Nano catalysts for Sustainable Petrochemical Refining

¹ Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
² Uttaranchal University, Dehradun - 248007, India, deepabisht@uumail.in
³ Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura - 140417, Punjab, India, madhur.taneja.orp@chitkara.edu.in
⁴ Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh - 174103 India, sanjay.bhatnagar.orp@chitkara.edu.in
⁵ Department of Civil Engineering, GRIET, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁶ G D Goenka University, Haryana, India

^* Corresponding author: tara.20840@lpu.co.in

Abstract

This study explores sustainable methods for recycling lithium-ion battery (LIB) materials, with the goal of tackling the issues of resource depletion and environmental pollution linked to LIB production and end-of-life management. An analysis of the composition shows that graphite (30%), nickel (20%), lithium (15%), and cobalt (10%) are the main components of LIBs. This emphasizes the economic potential of recycling methods to reclaim these valuable materials. Recovery efficiency assessments show different levels of success, with graphite having the highest recovery efficiency at 95%, followed by lithium at 90%, aluminum at 90%, and cobalt at 85%. The analysis of energy consumption highlights the disassembly and electrolysis steps as the ones that require the most energy. This emphasizes the need to optimize recycling processes in order to reduce environmental impact and improve sustainability. The analysis of costs highlights the significant expenses related to disassembly and electrolysis, underscoring the importance of implementing cost-effective approaches to enhance the economic feasibility of lithium-ion battery recycling. This study offers important insights into the feasibility and implications of sustainable LIB recycling approaches. It emphasizes opportunities for resource recovery, energy efficiency improvements, and cost optimization to support the transition towards a circular economy and a greener future.