Green Synthesis of Nanocomposite Catalysts for Environmental Remediation

¹ Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
² Uttaranchal University, Dehradun - 248007, India, sunilprakash@uumail.in
³ Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura - 140417, Punjab, India, shubhansh.bansal.orp@chitkara.edu.in
⁴ Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh - 174103 India, rajeev.sharma.orp@chitkara.edu.in
⁵ Department of Civil Engineering, GRIET, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁶ G D Goenka University, Haryana, India

^* Corresponding author: alok.jain@lpu.co.in

Abstract

This research explores the effectiveness of environmentally friendly nanocomposite catalysts for cleaning up polluted areas. The results of the characterization showed that nanocomposite A had particles that were 20 nm in size, a surface area of 50 m^2/g, and a pore volume of 0.1 cm^3/g. In contrast, nanocomposite E had particles that were 15 nm in size, a surface area of 45 m^2/g, and a greater pore volume of 0.08 cm^3/g. Evaluations of the effectiveness of the catalysts in removing pollutants showed that nanocomposite E was the most effective, with removal percentages of 95% for Pollutant A, 90% for Pollutant B, and 98% for Pollutant C. Analyses of the reaction kinetics showed that nanocomposite E had the best catalytic kinetics, with a rate constant of 0.08 min^-1 and a turnover frequency of 0.003 mol/g/min. As compared to other catalysts, nanocomposite C had the lowest cost per gram and the highest cost efficiency, making it the most cost-effective alternative. With nanocomposite E showing better efficiency in pollutant removal and catalytic kinetics, the results indicate that catalysts made of nanocomposite materials using green techniques might be used for long-term, effective environmental cleanup. Based on these findings, nanocomposite catalysts have great promise for promoting environmental sustainability and protection.